Frequently, it is possible to help a patient achieve control by means of a well-planned and executed bowel training program.īiofeedback techniques can be helpful in many cases. In cases of neurologic or neuromuscular deficit, retraining for bowel elimination is a major part of rehabilitation of the patient. Dietary changes may also help the patient who has a stoma leading from the intestine. If diarrhea is a problem it may be that dietary intake needs changing or tube feedings are not being administered correctly. Sometimes all that is needed is a regularly scheduled time to offer the patient a bedpan or help using a bedside commode or going to the bathroom. Assessment of the problem of fecal incontinence should be extensive and thorough so that a realistic and effective plan of care can be implemented. An adult who for some reason is no longer able to do this is often embarrassed by and ashamed of the inability to perform this most basic of self-care activities. From the time of toilet training a person is expected to be able to handle the tasks of bowel elimination. Psychologically the person is likely to suffer from loss of self-esteem and is certain to experience some alteration in self-image. Damage to the integrity of the skin and its breakdown into pressure ulcers is always a possibility no matter how hard caregivers might try to keep the patient clean and dry. There is potential for physical and psychological stress when a person is unable to control his or her bowel movements. Psychological factors include anxiety, confusion, disorientation, depression, and despair. Physiologic causes include neurologic sensory and motor defects such as those occurring in stroke and spinal cord injury pathologic conditions that impair the integrity of the sphincters, such as tumors, lacerations, fistulas, and loss of sensory innervation altered levels of consciousness and severe diarrhea. Called also encopresis and bowel incontinence. Fecal incontinence ( incontinence of the feces) inability to control defecation both physiologic and psychological conditions can be contributing factors.
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